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Questions in Russian

Что это? What is this? Questions in Russian

In this post we’ll look at how to ask questions in Russian. First we’ll look at some general vocabulary that you can use when you want to ask a question. Then we’ll move on to question words in Russian. We’ll cover all of the important question words in Russian for what, who, where, when, how, how much/many, and why. Along the way we’ll point out any important grammar that you need to know when you ask questions in Russian.

General Vocabulary for Questions

Let’s start with some general vocabulary and expressions related to questions: вопрос a question; да yes; нет no; может быть/возможно maybe; или or.

  • У меня (есть) вопрос. 
    I have a question.
  • Можно задать тебе/вам вопрос?
    Can I ask you a question?
  • Я не знаю. 
    I don’t know.
  • Я не уверен / уверена.
    I’m not sure. (m./f.)
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  • Я уверен/ уверена.
    I am sure. (m./f.)
  • Это чай или кофе?
    Is this tea or coffee?
  • Ты хочешь/ вы хотите воды или сока?
    Do you want water or juice?
  • Это ваша гостиница?
    Is this your hotel?
  • Да, это моя гостиница.
    Yes, it’s my hotel.
  • Нет, это не моя гостиница.
    No, it’s not my hotel.

Russian Question Words

Now let’s move on to questions with question words. We’ll cover all of the most important Russian question words in this section.

Что? What?

To ask what, use что?.

  • Что это?
    What is this?
  • Что вы делаете?/Что ты делаешь?
    What are you doing?

Кто? Who?

To ask who, use кто?

  • Кто это?
    Who is that?
  • С кем ты путешествуешь?/С кем вы путешествуете?
    Who are you traveling with?

GRAMMAR TIP!

Notice that some question words, such as кто, have different forms for different cases. This is just like English who and whom, but it’s not optional in Russian, and there are more forms. Кто is nominative: Кто это? Who is that? Кого is accusative: Кого вы видите? Who(m) do you see? Кому is dative: Кому ты пишешь? To whom are you writing? Who are you writing to? Кем is instrumental: С кем ты путешествуешь? Who are you traveling with? With whom are you traveling? Remember that cases come up a lot in Russian!

Где?  Where?

To ask where, use где?

  • Где ванная?
    Where’s the bathroom?
  • Где ты живёшь?/Где вы живёте?
    Where do you live?
  • Куда вы идёте/едете?/Куда ты идёшь/едешь?
    Where are you going?
  • Откуда вы/ты?
    Where are you from?

GRAMMAR TIP!

Где is where when you’re asking about location. If you’re asking about movement, use куда (where to). And if you want to know where from use откуда.

Когда? When?

To ask when, use когда? A related question is во сколько? at what time?

  • Когда ты приезжаешь/ уезжаешь?
    Когда вы приезжаете/ уезжаете?
    When do you arrive/leave? (infml, fml)
  • Когда поезд уходит/приходит?
    When does the train leave/arrive?
  • Когда магазин открывается/закрывается?
    When does the store open/close?
  • Во сколько начинается фильм?
    At what time does the film start?

Как? How?

To ask how, use как?

  • Как сказать <hello> по русски?
    How do you say <hello> in Russian?
  • Как ты ходишь/вы ходите на работу?
    How do you go to work?
  • Как он/она выглядит?
    What does he/she look like? (“How does he/she look?”)
  • Как вас зовут?
    What’s your name?  (“How do they call you?”)

Сколько? How much?

To ask how much or how many, use сколько?

  • Сколько это стоит?
    How much does this cost?
  • Сколько людей?
    How many people?
  • Сколько у нас есть времени?
    How much time do we have?
  • Сколько молока ты хочешь?
    How much milk do you want?

Почему? Why?

To ask why, use почему?

  • Почему ты/вы здесь?
    Why are you here?
  • Почему ты грустишь?
    Why are you sad?
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